Rajatarangini, (Sanskrit: River of Kings) historical chronicle of early India, written in Sanskrit verse by the Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 1148, that is justifiably considered to be the best and most authentic work of its kind. He was said to belong to the family of an ancestor called Partha, who was described as a second Partha (an allusion to the Mahabharata hero Arjuna). Translating the Past: Rethinking Rajatarangini Narratives in Colonial This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. His half-brother Vijaymalla rebelled against him, and got Harsha released from prison. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Early Medieval Kashmir Coinage A New Hoard and An Anomaly", Rajatarangini: The Saga of The Kings of Kasmir, Rajatarangini and the Making of India's Past, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajatarangini&oldid=1121892347, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Killed in a battle with by Krishna's friends. November 1941, offering Asianists a wealth of information unavailable Translate poyu ta from Persian to Tagalog - MyMemory Zain-ul-Abidin worked hard to establish a fair rule in Kashmir. Jonaraja in his Dvitiya Rajatara? for this article. [12] These kings ruled Kashmir for 192years. Kalhana's account closes in the 22nd year of his reign. Learn about the life of Vallabhacharya, a great saint and philosopher. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. After Vikramadityas death, Matrigupta abdicated the throne in favour of Pravarasena. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. An unpopular king, he was killed. He was followed by his two sons who became kings in succession. Duke University Press publishes approximately one hundred books per year and Eventually a Pratapaditya, a relative of Vikrmaditya (not the Shakari) became king (II.6). In the Indian history, Madurai was the capita of Pandyas. Who translated the Ramayan & Mahabharata into Persia? For instance, Marcus Aurel Stein (1900) thought the way of talking and instructional pieces of the Rajatarangini that were in kvya style was essentially detached with the story legitimate, which was recorded, while Buhler arraigned the retreat to legend and fantasy as delivering the sequence of a huge piece of the message worthless and its creator suspect. It emerged in South Asia after its ancestor dialects were subtle there from the northwest inside the overdue Bronze Ag. Verse 7. puhdas in Persian - Finnish-Persian Dictionary | Glosbe The Rajatarangini is a Sanskrit account of the various monarchies of Kashmir, prior to the advent of Islam. Zain-ul-Abidin is also called as Akbar of Kashmir and Shahjahan of Kashmir on account of religion and development respectively. Son of Aksha. Gonandiya Baladitya made his officer in charge of fodder, Durlabhavardhana (III.489) his son-in-law because he was handsome. Who translated Ramayana into Persian? - Vedantu The Loharas ruled for many generations. [15], He was the only Shah Mir ruler to keep Hindu courtiers in his court. Abul Fazl translated into Persian many outstanding Sanskrit works, such as, the. Shivajis Guru was Shree Samarth Ramdas was a noted 17th-century saint and spiritual poet of Maharashtra. We also know about the person who built Alai Darwaza and much more about the topic. In principle, it is for three reasons, specifically, the texts regard to sequence, causation, and (affirmed) objectivity, that European Orientalist researchers who concentrated on the text from the mid-nineteenth century onwards, called the. This page was last modified on 1 January 2016, at 03:52. The first translation of a portion of the Rajatarangini was carried out in Persian, at the behest of Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin (1421-1472) A.D of Kashmir. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. [14], Shah Mir worked to establish Islam in Kashmir and was aided by his descendant rulers, specially Sikandar Butshikan. It describes almost two centuries of the old and early middle age history of the Valley. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Kalhana himself, notwithstanding, doesnt appear to have worked for any ruler. is a record of the illustrious administrations that administered the realm of Kashmir from its putative starting points to the writers own time. The Hindu Centre for Politics and Public Policy, Supreme Court forms expert panel to probe any regulatory failure on Adani issue, India makes renewed push for consensus at G20 Foreign Ministers meeting, Hindenburg Research report on Adani Group | Supreme Court verdict on expert committee on March 2, High debt on Vedanta books puts investors on tenterhooks, Employees Provident Fund: How to activate UAN online, 1947: Madras Devadasis (Prevention of Dedication) Act passed, RMA 0-1 FCB, El Clasico highlights: Barcelona leads on aggregate after beating Real Madrid courtesy of a Militao own goal. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. The status of Kalhana's poem Rajatarangini was mediated in colonial India in part through its English translations. He abdicated the throne, and a became a hermit to seek peace. Son of Parvagupta and husband of Didda (a member of the. A Shaivite during whose reigns Buddhists also flourished. Corrections? Verse 13. The Mahabharata, Ramayana, Atharva Veda, Lilawati, Rajatarangini was translated into Persian. If you do not have an account please register and login to post comments. Introduction: The Rajatarangini (in a real sense, River of Kings) is an awe-inspiring sonnet (mahakavya/prabandha) created in the old style language, Sanskrit, in 114850 in Kashmir (part of the advanced territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India).Kalhana is said to have been the child of a previous clergyman by the name of Cempaka in the court of a Kashmiri ruler, Harsha. He was known for his religious tolerance. Request Permissions. The status of Kalhana's poem Rajatarangini was mediated in colonial India in part through its English translations. Gonanda was the first king and a contemporary and enemy of the Hindu deity Krishna. There are several discrepancies between the Ashoka mentioned in Kalhana's account and the Mauryan emperor Ashoka. Who translated Rajatarangini in Kashmiri? - ProfoundTips Prominent among them were Kota Bhat and Udyashri. Because of the rising Buddhist influence, people stopped following the Shaivite, Gonanda III founded a new dynasty. Ruled with his mother Didda as regent, aided by the minister Naravahana. His son Kshemagupta married Didda, daughter of Simharaja of Lohara. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. View Answer
Toramana is clearly the Huna king of that name, but his father Mihirakula is given a date 700 years earlier. Does adding salt to water increase conductivity? Owing to a certain want of care, there is not a single part in Ksemendra's "List of Kings" (Nrpavali) free from mistakes, though it is the work of a poet. [citation needed]. Running into almost 8000 stanzas that are inconsistently disseminated among eight books or areas, the Kalhana Rajatarangini is a record of the illustrious administrations that administered the realm of Kashmir from its putative starting points to the writers own time. This Vikramaditya is not same as the, Shared the administration with his queen. Rajatarangini was translated into Persian by Zain-ul-Abidin order. . By looking at the inscriptions recording the consecretations of temples and grants by former kings, at laudatory inscriptions and at written works, the trouble arising from many errors has been overcome. His admittance to minute subtleties of contemporary court interests was practically immediate: his dad and uncle were both in the Kashmir court. Raman Menons translation attempts to preserve the essential characteristics of the original by adopting the Manipravalam diction. Kalhana states that Lalitaditya Muktapida conquered the tribes of the north and after defeating the. The relative Mughal Sultanate Flashcards | Quizlet The kings of Kashmir described in the Rajatarangini are given below. His customary applied system, involving careless presumptions and faith in the artists job as a type of moral sayings, makes the glorifying content in his story, especially for the early period, rather predominant. Researchers who showed up at this portrayal of the Rajatarangini as the first work of history, the last referenced drawing out the basic release of the Rajatarangini and its full English interpretation, which is perused right up til the present time. All Rights Reserved 2022 Theme: Promos by. Then Lalitaditiya meets the Bhauttas in Baltistan in western Tibet north of Kashmir, then the Dardas in Karakoram/Himalaya, the Valukambudhi and then he encounters Strirajya, the Uttarakurus and the Pragjyotisha respectively (IV.165-175). Madurai is one of the major cities in the Indian State of Tamil Nadu. Mahabharata, Ramayana, Atharva Veda, Lilawati, Rajatarangini translated into Persian. Researchers who showed up at this portrayal of the Rajatarangini as the first work of history, the last referenced drawing out the basic release of the Rajatarangini and its full English interpretation, which is perused right up til the present time. After this battle, the regions of Ladakh and Baltistan which were under the rule of Kashgar came under the rule of Shah Miris.Sultan also marched towards Delhi and the army of Feroz Shah Tughlaq opposed him at the banks of River Satluj. Rajatarangini can be a metric splendid and verifiable account of the north-western Indian subcontinent, mainly the lords of Kashmir. Answer: A) Abdul Fazi. Uchchala's step-brother; became the king after Radda's death. . Sandhimati remained in prison for 10years. Neither in style nor in authenticity do these works approximate the quality of Kalhanas Rajatarangini. TranslationsRajatarangini was translated into Persian by Zain-ul-Abidin order.There are four English translations of Rjatarangi by: Ranjit Sitaram Pandit Horace Hayman Wilson, secretary of The Asiatic Society of Bengal in the early 19th century, and the first English. Hence the correct answer is Option B. Sanskrit is a Indo-Aryan part of the Indo-European dialects. (Stay up to date on new book releases, reviews, and more with The Hindu On Books newsletter. Sanskrit: This period produced greater works in Sanskrit rather than the previous periods. Who translated Mahabharata and Rajatarangini into Persian? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). "useRatesEcommerce": false translator of the Rajataragini. He was a devout Shaivite, and his reign was marked by peace. [5] The total reign of the following kings is mentioned as 1266 years. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Suvrata's poem, though it has obtained celebrity, does not show dexterity in the exposition of the subject-matter, as it is rendered troublesome [reading] by misplaced learning. The capital of India shift from Kolkata to New Delhi in the year 1911. Mughal contributions to literature and Music - KPSC Exam Free Notes A Persian Mahabharata: The 1598-1599 Razmnama Rajatarangini belongs. [25][26], Sikandar died in April, 1413 upon which, the eldest son 'Mir' was anointed as the Sultan having adopted the title of Ali Shah. He assigned the work to a few officials to translate the Sanskrit books Rajatarangini, Ramayana and Mahabharata into the Persian language, the literary language of the Mughal court. Rajatarangini 's first translation into a foreign language was as long ago as in the first decade of the 13th century, by Haidar Malik into Persian. The chronicles only start to align with other evidence by book IV. What was the name of Persian translation of Rajatarangini? He was a great-grandson of a Viradeva, a Kutumbi (V.469). [6], (Note the confusion of dates in this and the following sections. It covers the whole range of history in the Kashmir district from the earliest times to its synthesis. Son of Lalitapida and his concubine Jayadevi. Although inaccurate in its chronology, the book still provides an invaluable source of information about early Kashmir and its neighbors in the north western parts of the Indian subcontinent, and has been widely referenced by later historians and ethnographers. The broad valley of Kashmir, also spelled Cashmere[2] is almost completely surrounded by the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal range. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. Answer: [C] Jonaraja Notes: Sultan Sikandar established a department to translate Sanskrit works into Persia and vice versa in Kashmir. Get answers to the most common queries related to the Railway Examination Preparation. 1 The Rajatarangini (in a real sense, River of Kings) is an awe-inspiring sonnet (mahakavya/prabandha) created in the old style language, Sanskrit, in 114850 in Kashmir (part of the advanced territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India).Kalhana is said to have been the child of a previous clergyman by the name of Cempaka in the court of a Kashmiri ruler, Harsha. hasContentIssue true, Copyright The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2011, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911810002998, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. A Persian translation of Rajatarangini was commissioned by Zain-ul-Abidin, who ruled Kashmir in the 15th century CE. Rajatarangini was translated into Persian by Zain-ul-Abidin order. Jogesh Chandra Dutt in the late 19th century. Rajatarangini, (Sanskrit: River of Kings) historical chronicle of early India, written in Sanskrit verse by the Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 1148, that is justifiably considered to be the best and most authentic work of its kind. In 1574, Akbar started an Maktab Khana or a house of translation works in his new capital of Fatehpur Sikri. In this backdrop, the Malayalam translation called However, the intent of the translations has been insufficiently analyzed in the context of the interrelationship between Orientalist and nationalist projects and the historical and literary ideas that informed them. The work generally records the heritage of Kashmir, but 120 verses of Rjatarangi describe the misrule prevailing in Kashmir during the reign of King Kalash, son of King Ananta Deva of Kashmir. This too appears to be a reference to the ice lingam at Amarnath. [9][10][11], According to Wink, Shah Mir may have been an Afghan or a Qaruna Turk, or even a Tibetan. Who translated Ramayana into Persian language? - Toppr Ask Who translated Rajatarangini in Kashmiri? Translations of " " into Persian in sentences, translation memory . Became queen after the death of all male heirs. Hiranya died childless. You can try more lenient search to get some results. Jizya was abolished too in his command. Waged a war against the Tantrins with help of their rivals (known as Ekanga), but was defeated and killed. The Rajataringini provides the earliest source on Kashmir that can be labeled as a historical text on this region. When did the capital of India shift from Kolkata to New Delhi? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Sussala's son. Compared to translations in other languages, Raman Menons craft is remarkable for its lucidity and elegance. He died after hearing about the false news of Sandhimati's death. Sultan Sikandar (1389-1413 CE), was the sixth ruler of the Shah Mir Dynasty.