Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . 2023 . The journey aboard the St. Louis from Hamburg to Havana is a sunny interlude in Josef and Ruths troubled childhood. While walking on the boat afterwards, a newly minted man, he overhears the stewards discussing how the ships engines are maxed out - in order to beat the other ships to Cuba. Refugee Chapters 33-43 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary Plus, our printable worksheets make it easy to take the fun offline. On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, seven Nazi Brownshirts (storm troopers) raid his home. With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. How does each of the characters experience the feeling of fear inRefugeeby Alan Gratz? A haunting fictional treatment of historic events. Josef Landauis fleeing Nazi Germany in 1939. Things dont go as planned when a fight breaks out and the family has to leave their car and belongings behind. The way the content is organized, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. What is the summary of refugee? The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs This is an engaging tale. Log in here. Refine any search. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. Mahmouds father tells them that Germany is accepting Syrian refugees and if they can get to Greece, they will be able to travel within the European Union to reach Germany. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Summary Josef is still outside the Havana Harbor, 21 days from home. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. All storyboards are private and secure to the portal using enterprise-class file security hosted by Microsoft Azure. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. date the date you are citing the material. Each child experiences traumatic losses and personal victories as they struggle to escape the political instability of their homelands. Josefs fathers jump into the sea symbolizes his desire to annihilate himself. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. This heart-stopping novel is not only compelling it is necessary. Already a member? In the end, these three stories are connected. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. refugee by alan gratz chapter summary - TeachersPayTeachers This is an easy summary of the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Sometimes it can end up there. The Landau's went through many hardships during the . Mahmouds story starts with their apartment building collapsing, due to people rioting because of the civil war going on in Syria. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. The woman promises Mahmoud that she will help them find Hana and reveals to them her own story of being a refugee. Refine any search. Josef's father suffers greatly from post traumatic stress disorder from his months of torture, starvation, and hard labor in the concentration camp. In the book "Games at Twilight", what details do you notice that show this story is not taking place in the United States? Storyboards also promote higher-level thinking by encouraging students to synthesize information and think critically about what they have read. Josef: Train to Hamburg - 1939, 1 day Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, Fatima, do their usual afternoon prayer. Refugee by Alan Gratz | Goodreads Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. . A few of the crew, however, openly dislike the Jewish passengers, especially Otto Schiendick, who proudly states his Nazi allegiance. In exchange for Rachels diamonds, the soldiers offer her an impossible bargain: she can save just one of her children from being arrested. They board the ship St. Louis, based on the actual ship that brought Jewish refugees to Cuba and then to the United States but was denied entry by both.That ship had to return the refugees to Europe, where they were split among four countries, and when those countries . His mother gives the sailor their tickets and they board the boat. March 4, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Mahmoud and his traumatized younger brother, Waleed, have learned to survive the frequent bombings and the bullying by majority Sunnis by learning to be invisible. However, the family is forced to act when their neighborhood is bombed. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. After its passengers were denied asylum in Cuba, the ship tragically returned to Europe, hoping to find sanctuary for its passengers between four European countries: Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and England. Isabels story starts with a riot. After a violent conflict between the rebels and the Syrian government, Mahmoud and his family walk to the Turkish border. Aboard the St. Louis, Josefs family and the other passengers, all Jewish refugees, are treated well by Captain Schroeder and most of the ships crew. In Refugee, what is the climax of Mahmoud's story. LitCharts Teacher Editions. This is a fascinating tale. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. The family is eventually pulled from the water by the Greek Coast Guard. The rest, like Josef and his mother, were largely sent to concentration camps after Germany invaded other European countries. eNotes Editorial. However, because the number of people fleeing Cuba was enormous, the US government was extremely ambiguous about granting them asylum, placing the refugees in a very precarious position. Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs But Captain Schroeder recognizes the necessity of keeping those hopes alive, and so continues to conceal that there may be trouble when they reach Cuba. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josef did, and he sacrificed himself for Ruth. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! What is the resolution for Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud inRefugee? An elderly couple, Herr and Frau Rosenberg, welcome them into their home. Refugee Alan Gratz Study Guide Summary Plot Overview Chapter Summaries Summary Chapter Summaries Josef / Berlin, Germany-1938 Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Nazi Germany. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. Alan Gratzs novel Refugee (2017) illuminates the worldwide refugee crisis through the stories of three children fleeing possible death with their families in different times and places. Refugee: Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (2) Summary & Analysis What I really like about this book is the changing perspectives. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. Not only does Isabel rescue her father from arrest, she also sells her beloved trumpet to enable the family to buy gasoline to power the boat her neighbors, the Castillos, have been secretly building. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Alan Gratz is the bestselling author of a number of novels for young readers. All three young people will go on harrowing journeys in search of refuge. In 1938 Berlin, a 12-year-old Jewish boy named Josef is awakened by the sound of Hitler's Brownshirts breaking into his family's apartment. The ship leaves for Europe, and Captain Schroeder promises to divide the passengers between England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. When students storyboard, they are actively engaged in the learning process and can make connections between the text and their own lives. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Purchasing Out of these passengers, it was mostly those who found asylum in England who survived World War II. Josef warns his father that he must . This is a fascinating tale. Josef and his sister Ruthie are just children, and yet they are needlessly abused by the soldiers. How did Josef die in refugee? - TimesMojo Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. Lito atones for the past by treading water and returning to Cuba. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. Usually, Im not interested in history, but I couldnt put this book down. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Isabels story starts with a riot. Instant PDF downloads. Josef recites the blessing and after the ceremony everyone congratulates him. date the date you are citing the material. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. Students will see themselves in the young protagonists: children faced with insurmountable and tragic circumstances but who, at their heart, are just kids who love their families and want to live in peace. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Heartrendingly, Josef notes that he and Ruthie never want to leave the St. Louis, the first place they have been treated as human beings in a long while. Anincredibly important, heartrending, edge-of-the-seat read, bringing light to the plight of immigrants who search for safety and freedom. In the end, these three stories are connected. Refugee: Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean - 1939, 10 days Summary & Analysis Next Isabel: Straits of Florida - 1994, 1 day (2) Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis Josef and some of the other children on the St. Louis take a tour of the ship 's bridge and engine room. In addition, any storyboard can be made sharable, where a private link to the storyboard can be shared externally. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The Nazis invade France just a few months after Josefs family arrives there. Refugee looks readers straight in the eye, challenging them to truly see these kids who are battling the worst moments of our recent history. Instant PDF downloads. The elderly woman Mahmoud meets is Ruth, Josefs younger sister. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The last date is today's Mahmouds city, the once-beautiful Aleppo, is particularly vulnerable, since it houses a large number of rebels opposed to al-Assad. Yet this episode also shows how Ruthie has been able to retain some of her innocence and childhood as she plays, which only showcases Josefs comparative maturity when he refuses. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Even though Aaron still lives, his suicide attempt shows not only his own inner despair but the trauma that this event causes for Josef. What details do you notice that show that this story is not taking place in the United States? Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. Interestingly, the stories are also tied together through the symbolism of water and boats. It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Refugee: Chapter Summaries | SparkNotes The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back. Isabels best friend and neighbor, Ivn, is building a small boat with his father so that his family can flee to America. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. Mahmouds father arranges for a smuggler to take them to the island of Lesbos, in Greece. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. The way the content is organized, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Eliot Schrefer, two-time National Book Award finalist. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Once a beautiful, thriving city, Aleppo is now a bombed shell of its former self. Making their way past ISIS operatives, they get to Turkey by road, where a boat is to take them to Greece tomorrow. Again, like it was for the Landaus at the Cuban coast, that tomorrow is deferred, day after day and week after week, and the family is forced to take shelter in an abandoned Turkish mall. The second is the date of When the family is eventually caught, Josefs mother is forced to choose which of her children will be freed and which will be sent to a concentration camp. Scholastic|July 25,2017|Ages 8and Up. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Gratz shows how Josefs experience is not an isolated incident: all over Germany, Jews are facing the same kind of erasure of their culture and identity. on 50-99 accounts. In the end, these three stories are connected. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, members of the Brownshirts, the police force of Nazi Germany, invade Josefs house and take away his father, Aaron Landau. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. What are the different settings of the novel and how does it affect and shape the characters? Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . In their memory, she decided to make Berlin her home. Discount, Discount Code Subscribe now. In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. This dude does his history homework and then hides it in a total page-turner. Source (s) Refugee Through the perils and forced courage of his protagonists, Gratz highlights the biggest tragedy of all refugee crises in history: the loss of childhood. The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. Mahmoud Bisharas story is the most recent: he and his family live in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015 and escape to Germany. Impossible odds and families in peril make for vivid and unrelenting suspense in these stories of flight and daring. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Ed. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. Dont have an account? Unlisted storyboards can be shared via a link, but otherwise will remain hidden. In doing so, he is able to atone for a past crime: he is Mariano Padron, one of the police officers who kept the passengers of the St. Louis from disembarking in Cuba in 1939, and only after stalling them for days with the false promise of maana. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance eNotes.com, Inc. Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing.